https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnmol.2016.00028/full Also, if they are causing lesions by injection through the cholinergic pathways, it is affecting the cholinergic pathways, as discussed here, with the opening statements: The neurotoxic effects produced by ibotenic acid (IA) induced chemical lesions of the central nervous system (CNS) cholinergic system were examined on the opioid peptidergic system in adult rats. Forebrain cholinergic systems were bilaterally lesioned by the infusion of IA (1 or 5 micrograms/site) into the nucleus basalis magnocellularis (NBM). One week after the injections, the animals were sacrificed, and activities of acetylcholinesterase (AChE), choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) and concentrations of beta-endorphin (beta-End) and Met-enkephalin (Met-Enk) were measured in different brain regions. https://psycnet.apa.org/record/1995-36006-001 The major effects that we know of from ibotenic acid are the spasms in both smooth and skeletal muscle in higher doses. Spasms are caused via the cholinergic pathways and diseases that cause spasms like parkinson's and dystrophies etc are diseases of the cholinergic pathways. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK526134/ https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11062-005-0034-2 Showing no brain lesions with muscular injection. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/315690737_The_Toxicological_Pathologic_Study_of_Amanita_muscaria_in_Sprague-Dawley_Rat

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8637859/#:~:text=In%20vitro%20radioligand%20binding%20studies,et%20al.%2C%202021%3B%20Obeng The effects of k_________ alkaloids on central nervous system (CNS) receptors have been extensively studied in vitro and in vivo assays. In vitro radioligand binding studies revealed that k_______ alkaloids interact with opioid μ, δ, κ subtypes, and non-opioid receptors including alpha-1A, alpha-2A, 5-HT1A, 5-HT2A, D1, and D2 (Takayama et al., 2002; Boyer et al., 2008; Kruegel et al., 2016; Ellis et al., 2020; Obeng et al., 2020; Chear et al., 2021; Obeng et al., 2021). In vivo studies demonstrated that k_______ alkaloids exert central analgesic, anti-anxiety, anti-drug addiction, and antipsychotic effects primarily through activation of central opioidergic, adrenergic, serotoninergic, and dopaminergic neurotransmission systems (Matsumoto et al., 1996a; Matsumoto et al., 1996b; Matsumoto et al., 1997; Takayama et al., 2002; Hazim et al., 2014; Vijeepallam et al., 2016; Foss et al., 2020; Obeng et al., 2020; Chear et al., 2021; Obeng et al., 2021). To better understand the CNS pharmacological targets of k________ alkaloids, this section is structured as follows: opioid receptors and non-opioid receptors (adrenergic, serotonin, and dopamine receptors). Safer Study https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0376871617305586 Recent studies confirm that k_______ intake can lead to dependence and withdrawal in some k_______ users, but these are substantially less likely to interfere with family, social and occupational life and commitments as compared to opioid dependence. Moreover, k______ is widely viewed as a healthier and less life-impairing substance to replace drugs such as opioids, alcohol, and stimulants (Singh et al., 2014; Galbis-Reig, 2016; Swogger and Walsh, 2018; Prozialeck et al., 2019).